Centrifugal and similar pump, blower, and the like.



W. SO'HEURMANN. 'GENTRIFUGAL AND SIMILAR PUMPfBLOWER, AND THE LIKE.

. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14, 1907. 939,333; Patented N0v.9, 1909. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

'W. SGHEURMANN. OENTRIFUGAL AND SIMILAR PUMP, BLOWER, AND THE LIKE. 939,333.

APPLICATION I'ILBD JUNE 14, 1907.

Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' W12 mesaes W. SGHEURMANN. OENTRIFUGAL AND SIMILAR PUMP, BLOWER, AND THE LIKE.

M w a. \w m n W W m V QM W. SOHEURMANN..

GENTRIPUGAL AND SIMILAR PUMP, BLOWER, AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14, 1907.

y 1909. SHEET 4.

Patented Nov. 9

4 SHEETS- whens Wu UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER SCHEURMANN, 0E nEwAEE-uron-rEEN'r, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR T0 HENRY a. wonrnme'ron, A CORPORATION on NEW JERS Y.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

Application filed June 14, 1907. Serial No. 378,885.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that L-WAn'rnn ScHEURMANN,

a citizen of Switzerland, residing at N o. 8 The Park, Newark upon Trent, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal and Similar Pumps, Blowers, and. the Like, fully described and represented in the followmg specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The object of-the present invention is to provide a centrifugal pump .in which a high efliciency shall be secured with a simple and cheap construction, and without the difiusing vanes now generally employed.

The invention is especially intended for pumps of that class employing a series of impellers through which the water passes successively, and commonly known as multistage pumps, but the broader features of the invention may be used in single stage pumps employing one or more impellers.

The invention includes a novel design of the fluid passages by which the fluid travels in a continuous helical path from the im'-' peller to the delivery, or from each impeller of a multi-stage pump to the suction of the succeeding impeller, and thus through the series of impellersto the delivery, without sudden changes in direction of flow. In this design, a diffusing passage or chamber of gradually increasing area surrounds the impeller, forming a spiral or volute increasing in area with the fluid delivered to it by the impeller and gradually developing to form a helical passage which conducts the fluid to the delivery of a single-stage pump, or into a suction spiral or volute of decreasing radius for the next impeller of a multi-stage pum e In addition to the broader features of the design, the invention includes certain specific features of construction by which important advantages ?are secured in simplicity and convenience of constructing and machining the pump.

For afull understanding of the invention,

"a detailed description of constructions embodying thesame in preferred forms will nowbe given in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and the features forming the invention then'specifically pointed out in the claims. y i

In the drawings :-Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section on the line 1 of Fig. 2, showing a four-stage centrifugal pump embodying the invention in the preferred form, with single suction impellers;-

Figs. 2-and 3 are vertical cross-sections on, respectively, the lines 2 and 3 of Fig. 1. Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are sections on, respectively, the lines 4, 5, 6 and 7 of Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a horizontal, central, longitudinal section on the line 8 of Fig. 9, showing a threestage double suction impeller pump embodying certain features of the invention. Figs. 9 and 10 are cross sections on, respectively, the lines 9 and 10 of Fig. 8. Figs. 11, 12 and 13 are sections on, respectively, the lines 11, 12 and 13 of Fig. 9. Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 2, on a smaller scale, showiirlig a modification employing two dividing Referring now particularly to Figs. 1 to 7, A are the impellers, B the shaft carrying the impellers, O the suction at'one end of the pump, and D the delivery at the opposite end of the pump The casing consists of the suction head E, the. delivery head F, and tln'ee-intermediate sections G, in which are formed the passages connecting each impeller with the next impeller. The sections G, and the suction and delivery heads are shown as connected by bolted flanges with sunk j oints, but may be connected otherwise. The impellers A are shown as of the common inclosed impeller form, having the side walls 1 and vanes 2, and running joints 3 formed by flanges at opposite sides of the impeller running on the casing or packing rings, and as having the usual suctionbalancing chambers at the rear of the'impellers connected loy openings with the suction. It will be understood, however, that these detail features are not essential to the invention. Referring now to the fluid passages through the pump, each impeller A delivers to a volute or spiral diffusing chamber or passa e a of gradually increasing depth, which is ormed by spiral wall 12 terminating in dividing fin 4. The impellers deliver to the diffusing passages athrough a narrow throat surrounding the impeller, which is of substantially the width of the impeller delivery, so that the diffusing passage lies outside the impeller periphery and does not include the side chambers on the opposite sides of the im eller but forms a true volute or spiral di using chamber. The outer wall 13 of g ceases this difiusing passage is formed by the inner fiat side of the suction head E, in the case of the first impeller, and of the preceding section G, in the case of the succeeding impellers, but the inner wall it of the assage gradually develops inward helically', t ough and beyond the diffusing passage, so as to form a helical passage b, which exten s over and at the side of the fin a, until it reaches the partition 15 behind which it passes and develops into the volute or spiral c of gradually decreasing area, by which the fluid is conducted to the suction d of the next impeller, this suction volute or spiral 0 being formed by spiral partition 16. The passages for the succeeding impellers are the same except that in the case of the final impeller, the helical passage b is shown as developing into the tangential delivery D, instead of into a volute or spiral a for axial delivery, as in the case of the preceding impellers. The dividing fin 4 of the last impeller is in a different position from those of the preceding impellers, which are in line, this change of position on the last impeller resulting from the vertical delivery from the diffusing chamber. The dividing fin at may terminate at the point shown, or be extended to terminate closer to the impeller. It may be cast with the shell, or formed separately of a suitable tough material. If formed separately and removable, as shown, the wall 14: may be readily machined, by removing this fin, down to the partition 15 behind which the passage passes. This removable feature also permits the substitution of a longer fin for the use ofa smaller impeller.

In large pumps it may be found desirable to employ two or more dividing fins 4 about the impe ler for balancing. In Fig. 14 there is shown such a modification, in which two such fins are used, located at opposite sides of the impeller, the construction otherwise remaining the same.

It is found in practice that a high efficiency is secured with this design of multistage pump, and it will be seen that it avoids the ObjGOtIOIlS'tO the commonly used diffusing vanes in respect to cost of construction and machining, and the failure to secure the best results, unless the vanes be designed especially for each new set of workin conditions.- There being only one edge 0 the dividing fin against which the liquid can strike, or two, in the possible construction for large pumps shown in Fig. 14, the shock and possible loss of efiiciency from this cause is reduced to a minimum, and the .rest of the ssage is a clear, gradually increasing, di using area, in Which-the liquid can adjust itself gradually to the direction and velocity of the main body of liquid flowing in the passage. The continuous helical flow, also, avoids the disadvantages common passages are open until the parts are assemled. This feature is important in manufacturing, as the flat face is readily machined and the open passages readily accessible before assembling.

While the invention is especially adapted for single suction impeller pumps, the.

broader features of the invention may be applied also to pumps having double suction impellers, and in Figs. 8 to 13 there is shown such a modification. In this construction, the double suction impellers H are carried by the shaft 1, and the pump casing consists of the suction head K, delivery head L, and two sections M. To provide for the suction at opposite sides of the impeller, it

is necessary to carry a branch passage around the impeller, and this involves a change in direction of flow of the liquid for one suction of each impeller. For the other suction of each impeller, the flow is substantially as in the construction previously described. The first impeller receives the liquid from the two suction branches 0, e for opposite sides of the impeller, and the impeller delivers to the volute or spiral diffusing passage, within the wall 12, and fin 4, and inclosed by the flat wall 13 and helical wall I l, and the helical passage 6' passes down behind the partition 15 and develops into the suction volute c, which delivers to the suction d on the adjacent side of the impeller, all as in the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 7. The volute partition 17 in this construction, however, differs from the volute partition 16 of the construction of Figs. 1 to 7, in that it does not extend from the outer wall of the passage b, so as to receive all the fluid from passage b, but is formed to provide a passage f, through which the fluid passes to opening 9 and thus to the suction branch c for the other suction d of the impeller. The passages between the second and third impellers are the same as just described, except that, as shown, the suction branches 0 are at opposite sides of the pump. The helical passage 6 on the last impeller is shown as developing into a tangential discharge, as in Figs. 1 to 7.

WVhile the invention is especially intended for use in centrifugal pumps for liquids, it may be used also in blowers and the like for gaseous fluids.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the exact form or arrangelot.

ment of the passages shown, norto the spe cial class or, detailed construction of impellers illustrated, but that all these may be varied while retaining the invention as defined by the claims.

What is claimed is cal llvers.

2. In a multi-stage centrifugal pump,

blower or the like, an impeller having a spiral difi'uslng passage of increasing area surrounding it and connecting with the impeller through a narrow throat and developing gradually into a helical passage connecting with the suction passage of the next impeller.

surrounding it and connecting with thevimpeller through a narrow throat and developing gradually into a helical passage connect-l ing with a spiral passage of decreasing area delivering to the axial suction of the next impeller.

4. A multi-stage centrifugal pump, blower or the like, having a spiral diflusing passage of increasing area surrounding each impeller and connectlng with the impeller through a narrow throat and developing into a helical passage, and a spira passage of decreasing area surrounding the axial suction of the second and subsequent impelllers and into which the. helical passage from the preceding impeller delivers.

5. In a centrifugal pump, blower or the like, the combination with an impeller, of spiral difl'using passage a surrounding the impeller and connecting with the impeller through a narrow throat and formed by spiral wall 12 terminating in fin 4, and having the side wall 14 on the delivery side inclined to form the helical passage 6 of increasing area.

6. In a centrifugal pump, blower or the like, the combination with the'impeller, of-

spiral diflu si'ng' passage a surrounding the impeller and connecting with the impeller through a narrow'throat and formed by spiral Wall 19 terminating in fin 4', and having'theside wall 14 0 1 the deliveryside inclined to form the helical passage 6 of in- --creasing area, and spiral passage 0 of decreasing area to delivers.

which the helical passage '7. In a centrifugal pump, blower or the like; the;comb1nat1on with the impeller, of spiral diffusing passage a surrounding the impeller and connecting with the impeller through a narrow throat and formed by fusing passage of gradually increasinglarea formed in one section connecting wit impeller through a narrow throat and decent section;

radually impellers and developing into helical spiral'wall 12 terminating in fin 4, and having the side wall 1-1 on the delivery side inclined to form the helical passage b of increasing area, a second impeller having an axial suction, and a spiral partition form ing a spiral passage of decreasing area surrounding the suction of the next impeller :and to which the helical passage delivers.

8. In a centrifugal pump, blower or the like, the combination with an impeller, of diflusing passage (4 of increasing area surrounding the-impeller and connecting with the impeller through a narrow throat and formed by spiral wall 12 terminating in fin 4, and having the side wall l t on the delivery side inclined to form the helical passage b of increasing area, a second impeller havin a single axial suction, and spiral partition 16 continuous with the outer wall ofthe helical passage and forming a spiral suction passage through which the helical 3. In a multi-stage centrifugal pump; blower or the like, an impeller having a spiral difiusing passage of increasing area passage delivers to the next impeller.

9. A centrifugal pump, blower or the like, formed in sections and having a spiral difthe veloping continuously and helically into the delivery of the impeller and closed on the other side by a fiat circular wall on the adja- 10. A 'multi-stage centrifugal pump, blower or the like, having one or more sections G formed with the open spiral diffusing passage a 1 on one side connecting with the impeller through a narrow throat,

.the helical passage 1; of increasing area, and

spiral suction c, and with the flat circular wall 13 adapted to close the diffusing passage of the next impeller.

. 11. multi-stage centrifugah pump, blower or the like,.having a plurality of 11npellers provided with suction openings at opposite sides, and having spiral diffusing passages of increasing area surrounding the re sages, the helical passages of the first and intermediate im ellers' connecting with spiral passages'o decreasing area inclosing the adjacent suctions ofthe next impellers,

and branch passages connecting said helical passages with the opposite suctions of the next impellers.

12. A -multi-stage centrifugal pump, blower or the like, having a plurality of impellers provided with suction openings at opposite sides, and having diffusing spiral passa es of increasing area surrounding the impel ers-a'nd developing into helical passages,-the helical passages of the first and connecting with V intermediate impellers spiral passages of de'creasmg area inclosing the ad 'acent suctions of the nextimpellers,

andbranch assages connecting said helical passages wi't the-opposite suctions of the next impellers, said branch passages for successive impellers being arranged on opposite sides of the pump.

13. In a-multi-stage centrifugal pump, blower or the like, the combination with the double suction impeller H, of the spiral diffusing passage a surrounding the impeller and having its inner wall 14 inclined to form the helical passage'b, spiral Wall 17 forming the spiral suction passage for the adjacent suction of the next impeller, and passages f, g connecting the helical passage with the suction passage for the opposite side of the impeller.

14. In a centrifugal pump, blower or the like, the combination with an impeller, of spiral diffusim passa e a surrounding the impeller and formed fiy spiral wall 12terminating in fin 4, and having the side wall 14 on the delivery side inclined to form the helical passage 1) of increasing area, and an additional dividing fin in the diffusing passage to balance the impeller.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WALTER SCHEURMANN. WVitnesses:

EDWARD WARREN HUSTED, EDWARD PERCY SIMPSON. 

